Any public official or authority who, in the course of a criminal investigation, intercepts any kind of private correspondence, whether postal or telegraphic, in violation of constitutional or legal guarantees, shall be subject to special disqualification from public employment or office for a period of two to six years. If they divulge or reveal the information obtained, the penalty of special disqualification shall be imposed in its upper half, and, in addition, a fine of six to eighteen months.