If the acts referred to in the articles of this Section are of particular gravity, the penalty shall be imposed in its upper half, and may be increased to the next higher degree.
The acts shall, in any case, be considered of particular gravity when:
a) the benefit or advantage has a particularly high value,
b) the perpetrator's action is not merely occasional,
c) the acts are committed within a criminal organization or group, or
d) the object of the transaction involves humanitarian goods or services or any other essential goods or services.
In the case of paragraph 4 of Article 286 bis, the acts shall also be considered of particular gravity when:
a) they are intended to influence the conduct of games of chance or betting; or
b) they are committed in an official state-level sporting competition classified as professional or in an international sporting competition.