1. The provisions relating to the criminal liability of legal persons shall not apply to the State, territorial and institutional public administrations, regulatory bodies, public business agencies and entities, international organizations governed by public law, or any other entities exercising sovereign or administrative public powers.
2. In the case of public limited companies that implement public policies or provide services of general economic interest, only the penalties provided for in subparagraphs a) and g) of paragraph 7 of Article 33 may be imposed. This limitation shall not apply when the judge or court finds that the legal form was created by its promoters, founders, directors, or representatives for the purpose of evading potential criminal liability.